onsdag den 25. april 2018

Dependencies and Areas of Special Sovereignty collected (under construction)

New Zealand[edit]

Summary: The Realm of New Zealand includes two self-governing states in free association with New Zealand, one territory (Tokelau), and a territorial claim in Antarctica.
In free associationAdministrationISO 3166 country code
 Cook IslandsSelf-governing state in free association with New Zealand since 1965. Cook Islands' status is considered to be equivalent to independence for international law purposes, and the country exercises full sovereignty over its internal and external affairs.[7] Under the terms of the free association agreement, however, New Zealand retains some responsibility for the foreign relations and defence of the Cook Islands. These responsibilities confer no rights of control and are exercised only at the request of the Cook Islands Government. The government of New Zealand does not consider the Cook Islands to be sovereign due to its continued use of New Zealand citizenship.[8]CK COK 184
 NiueSelf-governing state in free association with New Zealand since 1974. Niue's status is considered to be equivalent to independence for international law purposes, and the country exercises full sovereignty over its internal and external affairs.[7] Under the terms of the free association agreement, however, New Zealand retains some responsibility for the foreign relations and defence of Niue. These responsibilities confer no rights of control and are exercised only at the request of the Government of Niue. The government of New Zealand does not consider Niue to be sovereign due to its continued use of New Zealand citizenship.[8]NU NIU 570
TerritoryAdministrationISO 3166 country code
 TokelauTerritory of New Zealand. As it moves toward free association with New Zealand, Tokelau and New Zealand have agreed to a draft constitution. A UN-sponsored referendum on self-governance in February 2006 did not produce the two-thirds supermajority necessary for changing the current political status. Another one was in October 2007, which failed to reach the ​23 margin.TK TKL 772
 Ross DependencyNo permanent population. New Zealand's Antarctic claim. Unlike Tokelau and the associated states (Cook Islands and Niue), it is constitutionally part of New Zealand.[9]no separate code

Norway[edit]

Summary: Norway has 1 dependent territory and 2 dependency claims.
DependencyAdministrationISO 3166 country code
 Bouvet IslandNo permanent population. Dependency administered from Oslo by the Polar Affairs Department of the Ministry of Justice and the Police.BV BVT 074
 Peter I IslandNo permanent population. Dependencies (subject to the Antarctic Treaty System) administered from Oslo by the Polar Affairs Department of the Ministry of Justice and the Police.no separate code
 Queen Maud Landno separate code

United Kingdom[edit]

Summary: the United Kingdom has 12 Overseas Territories (10 autonomous, 1 restricted to military personnel and 1 uninhabited), 3 Crown dependencies (autonomous), 1 group of Sovereign Base Areas, and 1 dependency claim.
Overseas territories (inhabited)AdministrationISO 3166 country code
 AnguillaHouse of Assembly of Anguilla handles domestic affairs. Appears on the United Nations list of Non-Self-Governing Territories.AI AIA 660
 BermudaParliament of Bermuda handles domestic affairs and the territory is defined by the UK as self-governing. Appears on the United Nations list of Non-Self-Governing Territories.BM BMU 060
 British Indian Ocean TerritoryAdministered by the Commissioner of the British Indian Ocean Territory, reporting to the Foreign and Commonwealth OfficeOriginal population removed between 1967 and 1973, and presently restricted to military personnel. Also claimed by Mauritius.IO IOT 086
 British Virgin IslandsHouse of Assembly of the British Virgin Islands handles domestic affairs. Appears on the United Nations list of Non-Self-Governing TerritoriesVG VGB 092
 Cayman Islands
UPDATED
Legislative Assembly of the Cayman Islands handles domestic affairs. Appears on the United Nations list of Non-Self-Governing Territories.
 Falkland Islands
UPDATED
Legislative Assembly of the Falkland Islands handles domestic affairs. Appears on the United Nations list of Non-Self-Governing Territories. Also claimed by Argentina.
 GibraltarGibraltar Parliament handles domestic affairs. Almost complete internal self-government. Appears on the United Nations list of Non-Self-Governing Territories.GI GIB 292
 MontserratLegislative Council of Montserrat handles domestic affairs. Appears on the United Nations list of Non-Self-Governing Territories.MS MSR 500
 Pitcairn, Henderson, Ducie and Oeno IslandsIsland Council of the Pitcairn Islands handles some domestic affairs, however decisions are subject to approval by the Governor of the Pitcairn Islands, reporting to the Foreign and Commonwealth Office. Appears on the United Nations list of Non-Self-Governing Territories.
 Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da CunhaLegislative Council of Saint HelenaAscension Island Council and Tristan da Cunha Island Council handle domestic affairs. Appears on the United Nations list of Non-Self-Governing Territories.SH SHN 654
 Turks and Caicos Islands
UPDATED
House of Assembly of the Turks and Caicos Islands handles some domestic affairs. Appears on the United Nations list of Non-Self-Governing Territories.
Overseas territories (uninhabited)AdministrationISO 3166 country code
 South Georgia and the South Sandwich IslandsAdministered by the Commissioner of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (who is also the Governor of the Falkland Islands), reporting to the Foreign and Commonwealth Office. No permanent population. Also claimed by Argentina.
 British Antarctic TerritoryAdministered by the Commissioner of the British Antarctic Territory, reporting to the Foreign and Commonwealth Office. No permanent population. The UK's Antarctic claim.
Sovereign Base AreasAdministrationISO 3166 country code
 Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and DhekeliaAdministered by the Commander of British Forces Cyprus, reporting to the Ministry of Defence. Permanent Cypriot population, as well as British military personnel and their families.no separate code
Crown dependenciesAdministrationISO 3166 country code
 Bailiwick of Guernsey
UPDATED
Responsibility for defence, international representation, and good government rests with the United Kingdom. Though, the Parliament of the United Kingdomcan legislate on their behalf, if it deem necessary.[10][11][12][not in citation given]
 Bailiwick of Jersey
 Isle of ManIM IMN 833

United States[edit]

Summary: the United States has 13 dependent territories and 2 dependency claims. The United States also has one incorporated territory.
Unincorporated organized territories
(inhabited)
AdministrationISO 3166 country code
 GuamUnincorporated organized territory of the U.S.; policy relations between Guam and the U.S. conducted under the jurisdiction of the Office of Insular AffairsDepartment of the Interior. Appears on the United Nations list of Non-Self-Governing Territories.GU GUM 316
 Northern Mariana IslandsCommonwealth in political union with the U.S.; federal funding administered by the Office of Insular Affairs, Department of the Interior.MP MNP 580
 Puerto Rico
UPDATED
Unincorporated organized territory of the U.S. with commonwealth status; policy relations between Puerto Rico and the U.S. conducted under the jurisdiction of the Office of the President.
 U.S. Virgin IslandsUnincorporated organized territory of the U.S.; policy relations between the U.S. Virgin Islands and the U.S. conducted under the jurisdiction of the Office of Insular Affairs, Department of the Interior. Appears on the United Nations list of Non-Self-Governing Territories.VI VIR 850
Unincorporated unorganized territories
(inhabited)
AdministrationISO 3166 country code
 American SamoaUnincorporated unorganized territory administered by the Office of Insular Affairs, U.S. Department of the Interior. Appears on the United Nations list of Non-Self-Governing Territories.AS ASM 016
 Midway AtollUnincorporated unorganized territory of the U.S. administered by the Fish and Wildlife Service of the Department of the Interior.UM UMI 581
 Wake IslandUnincorporated unorganized territory of the U.S. administered by the Fish and Wildlife Service of the Department of the Interior. Claimed by the Marshall Islands.
Unincorporated unorganized territories
(uninhabited)
AdministrationISO 3166 country code
 Baker IslandUnincorporated unorganized territories of the U.S. administered by the Fish and Wildlife Service of the Department of the Interior.UM UMI 581
 Howland Island
 Jarvis Island
 Johnston Atoll
 Kingman Reef
 Navassa IslandUnincorporated unorganized territory of the U.S. administered by the Fish and Wildlife Service of the Department of the Interior from the Cabo Rojo National Wildlife Refuge in Cabo Rojo, Puerto Rico. Claimed by Haiti and privately via the Guano Islands Act.
Incorporated unorganized territory
(uninhabited)
AdministrationISO 3166 country code
 Palmyra AtollIncorporated unorganized territory of the U.S. administered by the U.S. federal government.no separate code

Lists of other entities[edit]

The following entities are according to the law of their state, integral parts of the state, but exhibit many characteristics of dependent territories. This list is generally limited to entities which are either subject to an international treaty on their status, uninhabited, or have a unique level of autonomy and are largely self-governing in matters other than international affairs. As a result, it does not include most entities with no unique autonomy, such as the overseas regions of France, or only limited unique autonomy, such as the Autonomous Regions of Portugal. Dependency claims without general international recognition, including all claims in Antarctica, are listed in italics.

Australia[edit]

Summary: Australia has 6 territories in its administration and 1 dependency claim.
Although all territories of Australia are considered to be fully integrated in its federative system, and the official status of an external territory does not differ largely from that of a mainland territory (except in regards to immigration law), debate remains as to whether the external territories are integral parts of Australia, due to their not being part of Australia in 1901, when its constituent states federated (with the exception of Coral Sea Islands which was part of Queensland).[13] They are often listed separately for statistical purposes.
External territories (inhabited)AdministrationISO 3166 country code
 Christmas IslandAdministered from Canberra by the Attorney-General's Department.[14][15]CX CXR 162
 Cocos (Keeling) IslandsCC CCK 166
 Norfolk IslandCommonwealth responsibilities administered from Canberra through the Attorney-General's Department.[14]NF NFK 574
External territories (uninhabited)AdministrationISO 3166 country code
 Ashmore and Cartier IslandsAdministered from Canberra by the Attorney-General's Department.[14]no separate code
 Coral Sea Islands[16]no separate code
 Australian Antarctic TerritoryAdministered from Canberra by the Australian Antarctic Division of the Department of the Environment.no separate code
 Heard Island and McDonald IslandsHM HMD 334

China[edit]

Summary: China has 2 special administrative regions which are governed according to international treaties.
Special Administrative RegionsAdministrationISO 3166 country code
 Hong KongFormer British colony. Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China since 1997 pursuant to the Sino-British Joint Declaration, an international treatyregistered with the United Nations. The Hong Kong Basic Law provides for the territory to enjoy a high degree of autonomy in accordance with the one country, two systemsmodel under the central government of China. Although the territory is not part of Mainland China, it is officially considered as an integral part of the People's Republic of China.[17][18][19]HK HKG 344
 Macau
UPDATED
Former Portuguese colony. Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China since 1999 pursuant to the Sino-Portuguese Joint Declaration, an international treaty registered with the United Nations. The Macau Basic Law provides for the territory to enjoy a high degree of autonomy in accordance with the "one country, two systems" model under the central government of China. Although the territory is not part of Mainland China, it is officially considered as an integral part of the People's Republic of China.

Denmark[edit]

The Kingdom of Denmark contains 2 self-governing countries.
Constituent countryAdministrationISO 3166 country code
 Faroe IslandsSelf-governing overseas administrative division since 1948. Part of Denmark, but not of the European Union.FO FRO 234
 Greenland
UPDATED
Self-governing overseas administrative division since 1979. Part of Denmark. Withdrew from the European Economic Community in 1985.

Finland[edit]

Summary: Finland has 1 autonomous region, which is also subject to international treaties.
DivisionAdministrationISO 3166 country code
 Åland IslandsThe Åland Islands are governed according to the Act on the Autonomy of Åland and international treaties. These laws guarantee the islands' autonomy from Finland, which has ultimate sovereignty over them, as well as a demilitarized statusAX ALA 248

France[edit]

Summary: France has 6 autonomous collectivities, and 2 uninhabited territories. This does not include the overseas regions (which are also overseas departments) of RéunionGuadeloupeMartiniqueFrench Guiana, and Mayotte, which although also located overseas, have the same status as metropolitan France's regions. Nonetheless, all of France's overseas territory is considered to be an integral part of the French Republic.
Overseas collectivitiesAdministrationISO 3166 country code
 Saint BarthélemySeceded from Guadeloupe to become an overseas collectivity in 2007.BL BLM 652
 Collectivity of Saint MartinSeceded from Guadeloupe to become an overseas collectivity in 2007. It is the only overseas collectivity which is fully part of the European Union.MF MAF 663
 Saint Pierre and Miquelon
UPDATED
Territorial collectivity since 1985; overseas collectivity since 2003.
 Wallis and FutunaOverseas territory since 1961; overseas collectivity since 2003.WF WLF 876
 French Polynesia
UPDATED
Overseas collectivity since 2003; named overseas country since 2004. Appears on the United Nations list of Non-Self-Governing Territories.
Special collectivityAdministrationISO 3166 country code
 New Caledonia
UPDATED
"Sui generis" collectivity since 1999. Appears on the United Nations list of Non-Self-Governing Territories.
Minor territory (uninhabited)AdministrationISO 3166 country code
 Clipperton IslandIsland administered by the Minister for Overseas Territories. No permanent population.no separate code
Overseas territory (uninhabited)AdministrationISO 3166 country code
 French Southern and Antarctic LandsThe French Southern and Antarctic Lands (called TAAF for Terres australes et antartiques françaises) is an Overseas territory since 1955, administered from Parisby an Administrateur Supérieur. No permanent population. Includes the French territorial claim in Antarctica: Adelie Land.

Netherlands[edit]

Summary: The Kingdom of the Netherlands consists of 3 Caribbean countries with autonomy in internal affairs, and one country—the Netherlands—with most of its area in Europe, except 3 municipalities also in the Caribbean. The 3 municipalities in the Caribbean—BonaireSaba and Sint Eustatius—are not listed as they are directly administered by the Government of the Netherlands.[20] All Dutch citizens of the Kingdom share the same nationality and are thus citizens of the European Union.
CountryAdministrationISO 3166 country code
 Aruba
UPDATED
Each is defined as a "country" ("land") within the Kingdom of the Netherlands by the Statute of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. Aruba obtained full autonomy in internal affairs upon separation from the Netherlands Antilles in 1986. Curaçao and Sint Maarten were part of the Netherlands Antilles until it was dissolved in October 2010. The government of the Kingdom of the Netherlands coincides with the government of the Netherlands, and is responsible for defence, foreign affairs and nationality law. Part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands but not of the European Union, but owing to their Dutch nationality, its citizens are Citizens of the European Union.
 Curaçao
UPDATED

 Sint Maarten
UPDATED

Norway[edit]

Summary: Norway has one internal territory with limited Norwegian sovereignty—Svalbard. It is part of the Kingdom of Norway, unlike the country's Antarctic dependent territory—Bouvet Island, and two dependency claims (see above).
DivisionAdministrationISO 3166 country code
 SvalbardSvalbard is subject to an international treaty with some limits to Norwegian sovereignty.SJ SJM 744†
† Svalbard shares an ISO code with Jan Mayen, a remote uninhabited Norwegian island situated south west of the archipelago.

Description[edit]

Three Crown dependencies are in a form of association with the UK. They are independently administrated jurisdictions, although the British Government is solely responsible for defence and international representation, and has ultimate responsibility for ensuring good government. They do not have diplomatic recognition as independent states, but they are not an integrated part of the UK, nor do they form part of the European Union. The UK Parliament retains the ability to legislate for the Crown dependencies even without the agreement of the insular legislatures. None of the Crown dependencies has representatives in the UK Parliament. Bermuda and Gibraltar have similar relationships to the UK as the Crown dependencies. While Britain is officially responsible for defence and international representation, these jurisdictions maintain their own militaries and have been granted limited diplomatic powers, in addition to having internal self-government. Nevertheless, they are British Overseas Territories.
New Zealand and dependencies share the same Governor-General and constitute one realm. The Cook Islands and Niue are officially termed associated states.
Puerto Rico (since 1952) and the Northern Mariana Islands (since 1986) are non-independent states freely associated with the United States. The mutually negotiated Covenant to Establish a Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI) in Political Union with the United States was approved in 1976. The Covenant was fully implemented November 3, 1986, pursuant to Presidential Proclamation no. 5564, which conferred United States citizenship on legally qualified CNMI residents.[21]
Under the Constitution of Puerto Rico, Puerto Rico is described as a Commonwealth and Puerto Ricans have a degree of administrative autonomy similar to citizens of a U.S. state. Puerto Ricans "were collectively made U.S. citizens" in 1917 as a result of the Jones-Shafroth Act.[22][23] The commonly used name in Spanish of the Commonwealth of Puerto RicoEstado Libre Asociado de Puerto Rico, literally "Associated Free State of Puerto Rico", which sounds similar to "free association" particularly when loosely used in Spanish, is sometimes erroneously interpreted to mean that Puerto Rico's relationship with United States is based on a Compact of Free Association and at other times erroneously held to mean that Puerto Rico's relationship with United States is based on an Interstate compact. This is a constant source of ambiguity and confusion when trying to define, understand and explain Puerto Rico's political relationship with the United States. For various reasons Puerto Rico's political status differs from that of the Pacific Islands that entered into Compacts of Free Association with the United States. As sovereign states, these islands have full right to conduct their own foreign relations, while the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico has territorial status subject to United States congressional authority under the Constitution's Territory Clause, "to dispose of and make all needful Rules and Regulations respecting the Territory… belonging to the United States.".[24] Puerto Rico does not have the right to unilaterally declare independence, and at the last referendum (1998) the narrow majority voted for "none of the above", which was a formally undefined alternative used by commonwealth supporters to express their desire for an "enhanced commonwealth" option.[24]
This kind of relationship also can be found in the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which is a federacy. The continental part is organized like a unitary state but the status of its territories (Aruba, since 1986, and the Netherlands Antilles, since 1954 until 2010) can be considered dependencies or "associated non-independent states". After the split-up of the Netherlands Antilles, Curaçao and Sint Maarten are separate associated states like Aruba.
Additionally, Denmark operates in a similar manner to a federacy. The Faroes and Greenland are two self-governing territories, or regions within the Kingdom. The relationship between Denmark proper and the two territories is semi-officially termed the "Rigsfællesskabet".

Overview of dependent territories[edit]

NamePopulation (2016)[25]Area[26]ContinentSovereign stateLegal status[27]
 Akrotiri and Dhekelia15,700254 km² (98 sq mi)Europe United KingdomOverseas territory
 Åland Islands29,0131,580 km² (610 sq mi)Europe FinlandAutonomous region
 American Samoa54,194199 km² (77 sq mi)Oceania United StatesUnincorporated territory
 Anguilla15,10091 km² (35 sq mi)North America United KingdomOverseas territory
 Aruba113,648UPDATEDNorth America NetherlandsConstituent country
 Bermuda70,53753.2 km² (20.5 sq mi)North America United KingdomOverseas territory
 British Virgin Islands34,232153 km² (59 sq mi)North America United KingdomOverseas territory
 Cayman Islands57,268UPDATEDNorth America United KingdomOverseas territory
 Christmas Island2,205135 km² (52 sq mi)Asia AustraliaExternal territory
 Cocos (Keeling) Islands59614 km² (5.4 sq mi)Asia AustraliaExternal territory
 Cook Islands18,100240 km² (93 sq mi)Oceania New ZealandFree association
 Curaçao158,986UPDATEDNorth America NetherlandsConstituent country
 Falkland Islands2,931UPDATEDSouth America United KingdomOverseas territory
 Faroe Islands49,1884,167 km² (540 sq mi)Europe DenmarkConstituent country
 French Polynesia285,735UPDATEDOceania FranceOverseas country
 Gibraltar29,3286.5 km² (2.5 sq mi)Europe United KingdomOverseas territory
 Greenland56,483UPDATEDNorth America DenmarkConstituent country
 Guam162,742210 km² (540 sq mi)Oceania United StatesUnincorporated territory
 Guernsey63,026UPDATEDEurope United KingdomCrown dependency
 Hong Kong7,374,0002,755 km² (1,064 sq mi)Asia ChinaSpecial administrative region
 Isle of Man88,195572 km² (221 sq mi)Europe United KingdomCrown dependency
 Jersey98,069UPDATEDEurope United KingdomCrown dependency
 Macau650,900115.3 km² (44.5 sq mi)Asia ChinaSpecial administrative region
 Montserrat5,267101 km² (39 sq mi)North America United KingdomOverseas territory
 New Caledonia275,355UPDATEDOceania FranceSui generis collectivity
 Niue1,190261.46 km² (100.95 sq mi)Oceania New ZealandFree association
 Norfolk Island2,21034.6 km² (13.4 sq mi)Oceania AustraliaExternal territory
 Northern Mariana Islands53,467464 km² (179 sq mi)Oceania United StatesCommonwealth
 Pitcairn Islands57UPDATEDOceania United KingdomOverseas territory
 Puerto Rico3,411,307UPDATEDNorth America United StatesCommonwealth
 Saint Barthélemy7,20925 km² (9.7 sq mi)North America FranceOverseas collectivity
 Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha5,633394 km² (152 sq mi)Africa United KingdomOverseas territory
 Saint Martin31,94953.2 km² (20.5 sq mi)North America FranceOverseas collectivity
 Saint Pierre and Miquelon5,595UPDATEDNorth America FranceOverseas collectivity
 Sint Maarten41,486UPDATEDNorth America NetherlandsConstituent country
 Svalbard2,66761,022 km² (23,561 sq mi)Europe NorwayDivision
 Tokelau1,49910 km² (3.9 sq mi)Oceania New ZealandFree association
 Turks and Caicos Islands51,430UPDATEDNorth America United KingdomOverseas territory
 United States Virgin Islands102,951346.36 km² (133.73 sq mi)North America United StatesUnincorporated territory
 Wallis and Futuna15,664142 km² (55 sq mi)Oceania FranceOverseas collectivity

Ingen kommentarer:

Send en kommentar